American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. (2020). ACOG Practice Bulletin No. 222: Gestational hypertension and preeclampsia. Obstetrics & Gynecology, 135(6), e237-e260.

American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. (2019). ACOG Committee Opinion No. 766: Approaches to limit intervention during labor and birth. Obstetrics & Gynecology, 133(2), e164-e173.

American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. (2021). Labor induction. Retrieved from https://www.acog.org/womens-health/faqs/labor-induction

Murray, S. S., & McKinney, E. S. (2022). Foundations of maternal-newborn and women's health nursing (8th ed.). Elsevier.

National Certification Corporation. (2025). Maternal newborn nursing examination content outline. Retrieved from https://www.nccwebsite.org

National Council of State Boards of Nursing. (2025). NCLEX-RN examination test plan. Retrieved from https://www.ncsbn.org

Evidence-Based Practice Resources

Association of Women's Health, Obstetric and Neonatal Nurses. (2024). Standards for professional nursing practice in the care of women and newborns (9th ed.). AWHONN.

Duryea, E. L., & McIntire, D. D. (2024). Bishop score. In StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK470368/

Eibner, K., & Jovanovic, L. (2022). Cervical ripening and induction of labor. American Family Physician, 105(2), 177-186. Retrieved from https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2022/0200/p177.html

Placenta Previa and Hemorrhage Management

Jauniaux, E., & Grønbeck, L. (2023). Placenta previa. In StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK539818/

Silver, R. M. (2015). Abnormal placentation: Placenta previa, vasa previa, and placenta accreta. Obstetrics & Gynecology, 126(3), 654-668.

Preeclampsia and Magnesium Sulfate Protocols

Duley, L., Gülmezoglu, A. M., Henderson-Smart, D. J., & Chou, D. (2010). Magnesium sulphate and other anticonvulsants for women with pre-eclampsia. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, (11), CD000025.

Euser, A. G., & Cipolla, M. J. (2009). Magnesium sulfate for the treatment of eclampsia: A brief review. Stroke, 40(4), 1169-1175.

Lucas, M. J., Leveno, K. J., & Cunningham, F. G. (1995). A comparison of magnesium sulfate with phenytoin for the prevention of eclampsia. New England Journal of Medicine, 333(4), 201-205.

GTPAL and Obstetric History

Gravidity and parity. (2025). In Wikipedia. Retrieved from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gravidity_and_parity

Nurseslabs. (2023). GTPAL: Guide to gravidity and parity in obstetrics [2025 guide]. Retrieved from https://nurseslabs.com/gtpal-guide-to-gravidity-and-parity-in-obstetrics/

Osmosis. (2024). GTPAL: Pregnancy outcomes acronym. Retrieved from https://www.osmosis.org/answers/gtpal-pregnancy-outcomes-acronym

Naegele's Rule and Dating

Committee on Obstetric Practice. (2017). Committee Opinion No. 700: Methods for estimating the due date. Obstetrics & Gynecology, 129(5), e150-e154.

Johns Hopkins Medicine. (2024). Calculating a due date. Retrieved from https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/wellness-and-prevention/calculating-a-due-date

Newborn Assessment and Care

American Academy of Pediatrics. (2022). Guidelines for perinatal care (8th ed.). AAP.

Apgar, V. (1953). A proposal for a new method of evaluation of the newborn infant. Current Researches in Anesthesia & Analgesia, 32(4), 260-267.

Labor and Delivery Management

Caughey, A. B., Cahill, A. G., Guise, J. M., & Rouse, D. J. (2014). Safe prevention of the primary cesarean delivery. American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology, 210(3), 179-193.

The ObG Project. (2021). Cervical ripening and induction of labor: Indications and management. Retrieved from https://www.obgproject.com/2021/11/03/induction-of-labor-indications-and-management/

Electronic Resources and Databases

LevelUpRN. (2021). Maternity nursing explained for the NCLEX and RNs. Retrieved from https://leveluprn.com/blogs/maternity-nursing

Nurseslabs. (2025). Maternity nursing NCLEX practice quiz: 500+ questions. Retrieved from https://nurseslabs.com/maternity-nursing-nclex-practice-questions/

OpenStax. (2024). Maternal newborn nursing. Retrieved from https://openstax.org/books/maternal-newborn-nursing/

RegisteredNurseRN. (2014). NCLEX practice test for maternity nursing OB assessment. Retrieved from https://www.registerednursern.com/nclex-practice-test-for-maternity-nursing-ob-assessment/

SimpleNursing. (2024). GPTPAL assessment & Naegele's rule practice questions & NCLEX review. Retrieved from https://simplenursing.com/gptpal-assessment-naegeles-rule-nclex-practice-questions-review/